A formação do Complexo Hidrelétrico no Rio Araguari: impactos no ordenamento territorial de Ferreira Gomes, Amapá

Abstract

The present investigation seeks to analyze the impacts on the territorial planning in municipality of Ferreira Gomes (AP) due to the insertion of the Hydroelectric Complex in the Araguari River. The formation of the Hydroelectric Complex, made up of three hydroelectric projects located in the Araguari River, was driven by external actions to the region, provoking new economic and social contexts for Amapá. The exploration of the hydroelectric potential of the Araguari River and the recent insertion of Amapá into the National Interconnected System have placed the state as a strategic piece for the activities of the Brazilian energy sector. On the other hand, developmental actions denote the predilection for strictly economic aspects, to the detriment of social and local aspects. The motivation of this research stemmed from concerns about the new economic context of Amapá caused by the Brazilian electricity sector in the implementation of hydroelectric projects in that federal entity. The approach of this article resorted to bibliographical, documentary and field research. The research shows that the formation and consolidation of the Hydroelectric Complex in the Araguari river did not bring progress to the territorial planning or development in Ferreira Gomes (AP), considering the impacts rebounded in the urban and rural areas of the municipality, as well as the perception of the population affected hydroelectric projects. This is partly due to the difficulties involved in implementing integrated actions between the enterprises and the public sphere for the implementation of mitigation plans that show a negative context in services and infrastructure faced with a timid population contingent. For the development of this research, the following guiding questions are indicated: How was the hydroelectric complex formed on the Araguari (AP) river? And how does the hydroelectric complex impact on the territorial planning of the municipality of Ferreira Gomes (AP)? This dissertation is structured from three chapters: the first brings conceptual approaches on territory; planning, planning and territorial development; geographic and technical networks. The second part deals with the implementation of hydroelectric projects in Brazil, Amazônia and Amapá, considering the actions of the energy sector for the country's energy integration. In the last chapter of this research, we discuss the formation of the Hydroelectric Complex on the river Araguari, on the profile of the municipality of Ferreira Gomes in legal, economic and social terms, as well as the impacts arising from this new context. Finally, the results of the interview applied to the affected are presented