Estudo do extrato hidroetanólico de Punica granatum Linnaeus e do ácido elágico sobre os parâmetros citogenéticos e toxicológicos em camundongos Swiss

Abstract

Introduction: The Punica granatum Linnaeus (Lythraceae) populary known as pomegranate, is widely distributed throughout Brazil, has a rich source of bioactive polyphenols, among them: ellagic acid (EA). Both pomegranate and EA have a number of proven biological activities, such as: anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anticarcinogenic effect. Objectives: To evaluate the cythogenetic and toxicological parameters of the hydroethanolic extract from the fruit house of Punica granatum Linnaeus (ECFPG) and EA in polychromatics erythrocytes of Swiss mice. Methodology: Were used four different concentrations of ECFPG (700, 350, 175, 87,5 mg/kg body weight – b.w.), and the EA (10.5, 5.3, 2.7 e 1.4 mg/kg b.w.), including the negative control group, where the animals were treated with water and the positive control group, treated with doxorrubicin (DXR = 15 mg/kg per b.w.). At the end of treatment, after 24 and 48 hours; 7; 14 and 21 days were evaluated the possible cytotoxic effects genotoxic and antigenotoxic by the micronucleus test. Were done, diary, the meansurements from the body mass, hematological and histopathological analyzes. Results and Discussion: ECFPG and EA did not show genotoxic effects, however, we showed a great antigenotoxic activity, thus protecting the genetic material from demages in all concentrations tested. No significant changes were observed (body mass, hematological and related to liver), meanwhile the EA at the concentration of 5.3 mg/kg b.w. showed a significant alteration of liver mass. In this context and with histopathological analyzes, we showed a low toxicity of both with the frequent use of these substances in this study. Conclusions: Our results showed that ECFPG and EA are not genotoxic, cytotoxic and do not change the hematological parameters. However, It presented a potent antigenotoxic effect, being considered excellent products in the chemoprevention of diseases related to oxidative demages