A Floresta Nacional do Amapá e região do alto e médio Rio Araguari: do conflito sobre o acesso aos recursos naturais à busca por uma estratégia conciliadora

Abstract

With the creation of protected areas without studies, some activities have become prohibited, generating conflict between the residents and unit management. The National Forest of Amapá is a conservation and sustainable use of residents had since its inception. These people worked primarily with hunting, fishing, farming and mining activities. When was the transfer of management to the Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation, many of these activities have changed. Hunting as economic activity was strictly forbidden, the fishing area became restricted, there was the closure of a mining within the unit and enforcement actions in the region were intensified. These factors can be understood as a social and environmental conflict in the region. This paper aims to assess how the presence of the managing agency of the National Forest of Amapá interfered in the pattern of use and occupation of the Upper and Middle Rio Araguari region. Part of the hypothesis that the increased regulatory stance of the management body of the unit on access to natural resources caused changes in the way social groups located in the region were organized and produced. Interviews sought to characterize the profile of the residents and examine how the process of occupation of the area occurred were performed, as well as raise and discuss the main strategies adopted against the ongoing conflict for the management of the National Forest of Amapá. Generally residents are locals, farmers, gatherers and fishermen. The strategies used by management to enable the reconciliation of relations with the population is made by demonstrating that the regulation of access to resources does not impair the economy of the residents. Projects implemented in the region have the main objective to transform the unit into a catalyst for development in the region through the promotion of quality of life in the Upper and Middle River Araguari population