Identificação molecular (DNA BARCODE) de flebotomíneos (Diptera: Psychodidade: Phlebotominae) na terra indígena Wajãpi, Amazônia Oriental, Brasil

Abstract

Leishmaniasis are a group of zoonotic diseases that affect humans as accidental host in he heteroxenic life cycle of the parasite Leishmania sp. Insects of the Phlebotominae subfamily (Diptera: Psychodidade) play the role as vectors of the natural reservoirs of the parasite and its host. This work is part of the Project “Determinantes Sócio-ambientais da Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana (LTA), na Terra Indígena Wajãpi, Amapá” , which aims to study the eco-epidemiology of LTA using an integrated approach, this study aimed to evaluate the entomological aspect of the cycle, helping with the identification of sand flies to provide information to the Surveillance Entomological Services in the development of preventive policies with one of the most promising techniques of taxonomic identification, the DNA BARCODE. Methodology recommends that a fragment of approximately 650pb mtDNA can be standardized as a universal identifier, functioning as a barcode to identify species, since the discovery of new taxa as well as the identification of previously described taxa. For the application of technique sand fly collections were carried out in 12 villages in the WIL in the period 20-29 May 2014. A total of 1.277 sand flies, belonging to 15 genera and 40 species were collected. Species were identified as incriminated as vectors of Leishmania. For the molecular identification were used 249 individuals who underwent genomic DNA extraction and amplification of the COI target, these 41 copies were amplified within COI standards and were sequenced for bioinformatics analysis. Analysis of the resulting sequences showed that the COI (DNA BARCODE) is a molecular tool with great validity to the taxonomy and should be used in integration with other techniques