Condição periodontal das etnias indígenas Palikur, Karipuna e Galibi Marworno na fronteira franco-brasileira

Abstract

Social, economic and environmental changes in indigenous communities, which were caused by demographic and economic expansion of the national society, have been determining the dynamics of health status in these populations. The impacts of these changes can result in health hazards, due to, among many factors, the increased consumption of processed food, the adoption of unhealthy diets, environmental changes, loss of biodiversity and dispersion of pollutants. Because of these changes, the health of indigenous peoples faces major challenges related to, among others, chronic diseases, such as periodontal disease. Epidemiological data related to oral health, and more specifically the periodontal condition of indigenous populations, are still scarce. The literature does not depict indexed studies assessing epidemiological data on oral health of indigenous peoples who inhabit the Indigenous Lands Uaçá, Juminã and Galibi of the Oiapoque, on the border between Brazil and French Guiana. Therefore, this study aimed to describe and analyze the distribution of periodontal conditions of Palikur ethnicities, Marworno Galibi, and Karipuna, living in indigenous lands located at the municipality of Oiapoque. We used the Modified Community Periodontal Index and the Index of Periodontal Attachment Loss. As a result, it was found that most of the individuals who participated in the study, 63.33% were female, 93.33% of the total population belonged to the Karipuna ethnic group. Regarding the diet, it was found that 73.33% consumed traditional nutrition (hunting, fishing, gathering and subsistence agriculture). The highest rate of Periodontal Insertion Loss was 72%, in the fixed age group 35 to 44 years old and the lowest was 19% in the 15-19 year age group. It was found that the age group of 15-19 years has the highest average of dental elements with bleeding, 18.1 with standard deviation of ± 5.8. The highest prevalence rate of periodontal disease was in the age group 35-44 years, where it was found that 72% of this group had this condition. Regarding the functionality of dentition, the age group from 65 to 74 years presented the lowest index, 0%. The epidemiological data assessed in this study may be useful for the planning of oral health strategies for the prevention, mitigation and treatment of diseases already installed in these specific populations