Síndromes de dispersão e caracterização de diásporos de espécies de leguminosae ocorrentes no Município de Mazagão, Amapá

Abstract

The Leguminosae family has a wide geographical distribution and presents a great diversity of species in the most varied environments. Currently, the family is circumscribed in six subfamilies: Caesalpinioideae, Cercidoideae, Detarioideae, Dialioideae, Duparquetioideae and Papilionoideae, and among the angiosperms it is the one that has the greatest species richness in the different phytogeographic domains. In the Amazon Region, it is the botanical family that occupies a prominent place, due to its great representativeness. Seed dispersal is an important factor for the propagation of new environments, since the relationship with abiotic and biotic factors is crucial to guarantee the perpetuation of the species. In view of this, the objective of this work was to characterize the diaspores and to determine the dispersion syndromes of Leguminosae species occurring in the municipality of Mazagão, located in the south of the State of Amapá. A survey of Leguminosae species collected in Mazagão and (1) incorporated in the Herbário Amapaense was carried out, (2) made available in the speciesLink network database and (3) belonging to the FLOREM collection. From this list of species, attributes related to the ecological process of seed dispersion were analyzed. Information for the characterization of diaspores and determination of dispersion syndromes were obtained through (1) specific literature, (2) observation of exsiccates and field records and (3) self-knowledge. The Leguminosae family, in the municipality of Mazagão, presented 179 species distributed in four of its subfamilies, of which Caesalpinioideae was the richest in number of species (N= 86). Most of the species presented the tree habit (56%), brown fruits (69%), follicular type (44%), dry consistency (97%), indehiscent (51%), with dispersion unit fruit (55%) and were zoochoric (40%). The number of species surveyed in this research highlights the high richness of legume species and the importance of investigative studies on reproductive ecological aspects and interaction between species