Ocorrência de moscas-das-frutas e seus inimigos naturais em comunidades urbanas e rurais no Município de Mazagão, Amapá, Brasil

Abstract

Fruit culture is one of the segments of national agricultural production due to its annual productive capacity, having enormous potential for its development, however, one of the biggest obstacles is the presence of fruit flies. Phytosanitary barriers have been limited to exports of fresh fruits and the development of this activity in the country. For this reason, it is important to carry out studies on fruit flies and their hosts in order to contribute to monitoring and control actions. In this sense, this study aimed to survey and report the infestation by fruit flies and the percentage of parasitism in fruits of different botanical species in the municipality of Mazagão-AP. Monthly collections of different fruit species were carried out, from April 2018 to March 2019, in the municipality of Mazagão. In the laboratory, the fruits were counted, weighed, arranged in trays, on the sterile sand layer, covered with organza fabric. The material was examined every three days, and the pupils were removed and transferred to transparent plastic bottles containing a thin layer of moistened vermiculite. Put on shelves at room temperature, being observed daily to obtain fruit flies and parasitoids. The emerged adults were sacrificed and kept in glass bottles, containing 70% alcohol for later identification. Taxonomic identification was based on the Zucchi key (2000) and Zucchi et al., (2011). 94 random fruits were collected (2,828 fruits; 33,375 Kg), these30 (926 fruits; 14,690Kg) were infested by fruit flies obtaining 1,083 pupils, the emergence of 843 adult insects, being 571 cases of the family Tephritidae: Anastrepha (178) and Bactrocera (393). The following species were identified: Anatrepha Differentta, A. fraterculus, A. antunesi, A. serpentina and A. Parishi and the parasitoids was Doryctobracon areolatus (137), Opius bellus (98), and Utetes anastrephae (1). Two new associations of fruit flies (A. distinct and A. parishi) to the host Spondias mombin are produced for Amapá. S. mombin is an important plant that multiplies the natural enemies of fruit flies