Ocorrência de Lonchaeidae (Diptera: Tephritoidea) em frutos silvestres no município de Mazagão, Amapá, Brasil

Abstract

Some insect species of the family Lonchaeidae have stood out as pests of economic importance, including in wild fruit plants. Survey studies on the occurrence of Lonchaeidae species and records of new hosts are important to foster scientific information and programs for combat and control of these insects. This study aimed to raise the occurrence of Lonchaeidae (diptera: Tephritoidea) in wild fruits in the municipality of Mazagão, Amapá. Collections were carried out in urban and rural properties of five communities in the municipality of Mazagão from April 2018 to April 2020. In the laboratory the fruits were counted, weighed and arranged in transparent trays containing a thin layer of sterilized sand and moistened and sealed with organza fabric fastened by elastic strips. Every five days the sand was examined and the puparia collected were placed in transparent plastic bottles (8 cm in diameter), with a lid leaked and covered by organza, containing a thin layer of moistened vermiculate inside to obtain the adults. The insects that emerged were sacrificed and preserved in glass jars, labeled, containing 70% ethanol. Taxonomic identification was performed by a professional based on dichotomous keys for Lonchaeidae. A total of 101 samples were collected (4,536 fruits; 38.2 kg). Of the total samples collected, 93 (92.07%) did not present infestation (57% of them have not yet been taxonomically identified), while seven of them (7.92%) Oenocarpus bacaba Mart.; Bellucia grossularioides (L.) Triana; Lacunaria jenmanii (Oliv.) Ducke; Pouteria macrophylla (Lam.) Eyma; sp 54; sp 55 and sp 56. were infested by Lonchaeidae. A number of 319 puparia were found from which 204 specimens of Lonchaeidae emerged. Five species identified were (N. zadolicha, N. Pseudozadolicha, N. glaberrima, N. major and Lonchaea sp.). N. zadolicha was the most abundant (n=78) infesting Bellucia grossularioides, sp. 54, sp. 55 and sp. 56, followed by N. pseudozadolicha (n=10). The least abundant were N. glaberrima (n=3) in Lacunaria jenmanii and Pouteria macrophylla followed by Lonchaea sp. (n=3) collected from sp. 56, while N. major (n=2) of sp. 56. The Lacunaria jenmanii is registered for the first time as host of N. glaberrima. New associations of hots with lonchaeidae species may result from this research after the completion of taxonomic identification, as in the case of N. major and Lonchaea sp. were collected from puparia obtained from the plant species sp. 56. In the case of N. major, it may be associated for the first time with a plant species in Brazil, sp. 56, while sp. 56 may also constitute a new host record of Lonchaea sp. to the state of Amapá.