Avaliação preliminar da degradação ambiental por sensoriamento remoto das áreas de concessão mineral para extração de ouro no distrito garimpeiro de Lourenço/AP

Abstract

The Lourenço mining operation is located in the municipality of Calçoene, in the central northern portion of the state of Amapá, approximately 95 km from the municipal capital. The environmental impacts resulting from its activity are visible and significant, especially due to the degradation of the natural environment. It is noteworthy that remote sensing and geoprocessing techniques have contributed substantially to environmental analysis, being able to detect changes that have occurred over the years and estimate the level or quantification of environmental degradation. Considering that the region presents a deficit of information about the level of environmental degradation in the area, the present research aimed, through photointerpretation and geotechnological tools, to map and quantify the area of the Lourenço Mining District in order to evaluate its environmental degradation. The methodology of the study consisted of the treatment and use of sensor products (aerial photography) from the Continuous Cartographic Base of Amapá, which were treated using ArcGis 10.7 and QGIS 2.18.16 software, to map the environmental characteristics of the gold mining area and quantify the erosive processes present in the areas of gold ore extraction. The research presents as a result, maps of land use and land cover and extent of the erosive features present in the mining concessions of gold extraction of the Lourenço gold mine, and the percentage degraded and recovered by the year 2014.