Eficácia atividade antiparasitária de nanoemulsões com óleo essencial e óleo resina contra monogenoidea das brânquias de Colossoma macropomum (Serassalmidae)

Abstract

Several chemicals substances have been used in aquaculture to control and treat diseases caused by parasites. Nanotechnology, which involves creating and utilization of different systems at nanometric scales, could help in the use of low concentrations of nanoemulsion oils for use in the control and treatment of fish parasites. However, the use of nanoemulsions with essential oil or resin oil has not been tested to control and eliminate fish parasites. This is the first report on the use of nanoemulsions with fish parasites. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro antiparasitic activity of nanoemulsions containing Copaifera officinalis resin oil and Pterodon emarginatus essential oil, against monogenoideans ectoparasites of Colossoma macropomum (tambaqui) gills. In the in vitro assay, nanoemulsion of C. officinalis showed 100% antiparasitic activity against Anacanthorus spathulatus, Notozothecium janauachensis and Mymarothecium boegeri after 15 min of exposure to the concentration of 200 mg/L. Concentrations of 100, 200, 400 and 600 mg/L of the P. emarginatus nanoemulsion showed 100% antiparasitic activity against A. spathulatus, N. janauachensis and M. boegeri of the gills of C. macropomum, but in these two highest concentrations was observed immobilization of the parasites after 15 min. At the concentration of 50 mg/L, the immobilization of the parasites occurred after 5 h of exposure, which was similar to the controls. Therefore, the use of C. officinalis and P. emarginatus nanoemulsions may be an alternative to eliminate monogenoideans of fish and needs to be tested in vivo